| 单词 | afraid |
| 释义 | afraid adjectiveverbs | adverb | preposition | phrases verbs➤be, feel害怕；感到畏惧▸➤look, seem, sound看上去害怕；好像担心；听起来害怕▸➤become, grow害怕起来；变得担心▸➤make sb使某人畏惧◆what has made you so deeply afraid of your boss?是什么让你这么害怕你的老板？adverb➤extremely, rather, very极其／相当／非常害怕➤deeply, desperately, mortally, terribly十分害怕；怕得要死；极其恐惧➤really, truly的确／确实非常害怕▸➤almost几乎害怕◆she was tense, almost afraid to open the letter.她很紧张，几乎害怕打开那封信。➤a little, slightly, etc.有点儿／略有些害怕▸➤half有点儿害怕◆he was half afraid to look at her.他有点儿害怕看她。➤just, simply只是害怕◆you do know, don't you? you are just afraid to tell me.你知道，对吧？你只是不敢告诉我。➤genuinely真的害怕➤suddenly突然害怕起来◆he stopped abruptly, suddenly afraid to say the words out loud.他一下子停住了，突然害怕大声说出那些话。➤physically身体上表现出恐惧preposition➤for为⋯担忧◆roger was very afraid for her.罗杰非常担心她。➤of害怕⋯◆charlie is afraid of marriage.查利害怕婚姻。phrases➤nothing to be afraid of没什么可怕的◆don't worry. there's nothing to be afraid of.别担心，没什么可怕的。afraid adjective ➡ see also the entry for worried另见 worried 条afraid ♦︎ frightened ♦︎ scared ♦︎ terrified ♦︎ alarmed ♦︎ fearful ♦︎ paranoid ♦︎ intimidated ♦︎ startled ♦︎ petrifiedthese words all describe feeling or showing fear.这些词均表示害怕、惧怕。synonym scale 词义标尺下图显示这些词所表达害怕的程度alarmed ○ intimidated ○ startled ○ afraid ○ frightened ○ scared ○ fearful ○ paranoid ○ terrified ○ petrifiedpatterns and collocations 句型和搭配◆frightened / scared / fearful / paranoid about sth◆afraid / frightened / scared / terrified / fearful / petrified of sb / sth◆terrified / alarmed / intimidated / startled by sb / sth◆afraid / frightened for sb◆afraid / frightened / scared / terrified / fearful / petrified that...◆afraid / frightened / scared to do sth◆don't be afraid / frightened / scared / alarmed / intimidated.◆there's no need to be afraid / frightened / scared / alarmed / paranoid / intimidated.◆to feel afraid / frightened / scared / alarmed / paranoid / terrified / petrified◆to look afraid / frightened / scared / terrified / alarmed / startled / petrified◆to sound afraid / frightened / scared / terrified / alarmed◆to get frightened / scared / paranoid◆frightened / scared / terrified out of your wits◆frightened / scared to death■ afraid [not before noun] feeling fear; worried that sth bad might happen害怕；担心（不好的事会发生）◆there's nothing to be afraid of.没什么可怕的。◆aren't you afraid (that) you'll fall?你不担心会跌倒吗？◆don't be afraid to ask if you don't understand.要是不懂，尽管问好了。opp unafraid ⓘ unafraid is rather formal and only used in written english; it is much more frequent to say not afraid. * unafraid 相当正式，只用于书面语，更常用 not afraid◆i'm not afraid of you!我不怕你！◆ (rather formal, written) he felt calm and unafraid.他既不慌张也不害怕。 ■ frightened feeling fear; worried that sth bad might happen害怕的；担心的◆a frightened child受了惊吓的小孩◆she was frightened that the glass would break.她担心玻璃会破碎。◆i'm frightened for him (= for example, that he will be hurt).我担心他的安危。 ➡ see also frighten → frighten , frightening → frightening , fright → fear noun ■ scared (rather informal) feeling fear; worried that sth bad might happen害怕的；担心的◆the thieves got scared and ran away.小偷害怕了，就跑掉了。◆a very scared face / expression惊恐的脸／表情 ➡ see also scare → frighten , scary → frightening note 辨析 afraid, frightened or scared? scared is more informal, more common in speech, and often describes small fears. * scared 较非正式，更常见于日常口语，指有点害怕。 afraid cannot come before a noun. * afraid 不用于名词前◆an afraid child it can only take the preposition of, not about. * afraid 只能与介词 of 搭配，不与 about 搭配。if you are afraid/frightened/scared of sb/sth/doing sth or afraid/frightened/scared to do sth, you think you are in danger of being hurt or suffering in some way. if you are frightened/scared about sth/doing sth, it is less a fear for your personal safety and more a worry that sth unpleasant might happen. * be afraid/frightened/scared of sb/sth/doing sth 或 be afraid/frightened/scared to do sth 均表示担心会受到伤害或受苦。be frightened/scared about sth/doing sth 很少指担心个人安全，多指害怕发生不快的事情◆frightened about the exam tomorrow害怕明天的考试◆frightened of the exam tomorrow ■ terrified /terɪfaɪd/ very frightened恐惧的；很害怕的◆i was terrified (that) she wouldn't come.我真害怕她不会来了。◆she looked at him with wide, terrified eyes.她睁大惊恐的眼睛看着他。 ➡ see also terror → fear noun , terrify → frighten , terrifying → frightening ■ alarmed [not before noun] afraid that sth dangerous or unpleasant might happen担心，害怕（危险或不快的事情发生）◆she was alarmed at the prospect of travelling alone.她一想到要独自旅行就害怕。 ➡ see also alarm → fear noun , alarm → frighten verb ■ fearful (formal) afraid and nervous害怕的；忧虑的◆fearful of an attack, the government declared a state of emergency.政府担心遭到袭击，宣布进入紧急状态。◆parents are ever fearful for their children.父母总是为子女担忧。 opp fearless → brave ➡ see also fear → fear noun ▸ fearfully adverb◆we watched fearfully.我们忧心忡忡地观察着。■ paranoid /pærənɔɪd/ (rather informal) afraid or suspicious of other people and believing that they are trying to harm you, in a way that is not reasonable多疑的；妄想被害的◆she's getting really paranoid about what other people say about her.她真的越来越猜疑别人对她有什么议论了。◆you're just being paranoid.你这是瞎疑心。 ➡ see also paranoia → fear noun ■ intimidated /ɪntɪmɪdeɪtɪd/ [not before noun] (rather formal) feeling frightened and not confident in a particular situation胆怯；怯场◆we try to make sure children don't feel intimidated on their first day at school.我们努力确保孩子在上学的第一天不胆怯。 ➡ see also intimidate → threaten 1 ■ startled suddenly frightened or surprised吓一跳的；惊吓的；震惊的◆she looked at him with startled eyes.她用吃惊的目光看着他。◆he seemed startled to see me.他看见我显得很惊讶。 ➡ see also startle → surprise verb ■ petrified /petrɪfaɪd/ extremely frightened, especially so that you cannot move or do anything恐慌的；惊呆的◆i'm petrified of snakes.我特别害怕蛇。◆they were petrified with fear.他们都吓呆了。 afraid [not before noun] feeling fear; worried that sth bad might happen害怕；担心（不好的事会发生）◆there's nothing to be afraid of.没什么可怕的。◆aren't you afraid (that) you'll fall?你不担心会跌倒吗？◆don't be afraid to ask if you don't understand.要是不懂，尽管问好了。opp unafraid ⓘ unafraid is rather formal and only used in written english; it is much more frequent to say not afraid. * unafraid 相当正式，只用于书面语，更常用 not afraid◆i'm not afraid of you!我不怕你！◆ (rather formal, written) he felt calm and unafraid.他既不慌张也不害怕。 afraid/əˈfreɪd ||; əˈfred/adj (not before a noun 不用于名词前) 1. afraid (of sb/sth);afraid (of doing sth/to do sth) having or showing fear; frightened 害怕；惊恐: ◇are you afraid of dogs? 你怕狗吗？◇ben is afraid of going out after dark. 本不敢在天黑之后出门。◇i was too afraid to answer the door. 我怕得不敢应门。 2. afraid (that...);afraid (of doing sth) worried about sth 担心: ◇we were afraid that you would be angry. 我们担心你会生气。◇to be afraid of offending sb 担心冒犯某人 3. afraid for sb/sth worried that sb/sth will be harmed, lost, etc 担心某人或某物会受伤、失去: ◇when i saw the gun i was afraid for my life. 我一看见那枝枪就担心会送了我的命。 compare afraid and frightened. you can only use afraid after a noun, but you can use frightened before or after a noun a frightened animal the animal was afraid/frightened. 比较afraid及frightened。afraid只可以用于名词之后，但 frightened可用于名词之前或之后：a frightened animal受惊的动物the animal was afraid／frightened.那只动物受惊了。 i'm afraid (that...) used for saying politely that you are sorry about sth （用以表示歉意的礼貌说法）恐怕，对不起: ◇i'm afraid i can't come on sunday. 我星期天恐怕不能来。◇‘is the factory going to close?’‘i'm afraid so.’ “工厂是不是快倒闭了？”“恐怕是的。”◇‘is this seat free?’‘i'm afraid not/it isn't.’ “这个座位有人坐吗？”“对不起，有。” afraidsee ⇨ frightened/frightening 1 • • •• ⇨ be afraid/be frightened/be scared• ⇨ be afraid/scared of heights• ⇨ i'm afraid not• ⇨ i'm afraid so a·fraid /ə`fred; əˈfreɪd/adj [not before noun 不用于名词前] 1. i'm afraid spoken used when you are politely telling someone something that may annoy, upset, or disappoint them 【口】 恐怕［用于礼貌地告知可能使对方烦恼、生气或失望的事情］:◇i won't be able to come with you, i'm afraid. 恐怕我不能跟你一起去了。◇+ (that) i'm afraid this is a no smoking area. 不好意思，这里不能吸烟。◇"are we late?" "i'm afraid so." (=yes) “我们迟到了吗？”“恐怕是的。”◇"are there any tickets left?" "i'm afraid not." (=no) “还有剩余的票吗？”“恐怕没有了。” 2. frightened because you think someone or something is unpleasant or will hurt you 害怕的［由于觉得某人或某事物不愉快或会伤害自己］:◇i could see by the look in his eyes that he was afraid. 从他的眼里，我看得出他害怕了。◇+ of small children are often afraid of the dark. 小孩往往怕黑。 3. frightened or worried that something bad may happen ［因不好的事情将会发生而］害怕的; 担心的:◇afraid of doing sth a lot of people are afraid of losing their jobs. 许多人担心失业。◇+ (that) i didn't say anything because i was afraid the other kids would laugh at me. 我什么也没说，因为害怕其他小孩嘲笑我。◇afraid for sb/sth (=worried that something bad will happen to someone) 为某人/某事担心: i thought you were in danger and i was afraid for you. 我以为你处于危险中，所以很为你担心。 ☞ afraid |
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